Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan is one of the most isolated countries in the world and is dubbed as the "motherland of neutrality". Formerly a part of the Soviet Union, it is situated in and is surrounded by , , , and .
turkmenistan.gov.tm
Wikivoyage
Wikipedia
Photo: John Pavelka, CC BY 2.0.
Photo: Rastapopulous, CC BY-SA 3.0.

Essential Destinations

Top destinations include Ashgabat and Karakum.

Photo: Wikimedia, CC BY-SA 3.0.
is the capital of Turkmenistan, surrounded by . It was designed as to be an impressive capital city, filled with monumental projects sheathed in costly white marble.

Photo: Rastapopulous, CC BY-SA 3.0.
The Desert is a large, mostly empty desert that takes up most of the central section of Turkmenistan. It is famous chiefly for one destination, the Derweze Gas Crater, also popularly known as the Door to Hell, an open pit lake of fire that has been burning for more than 50 years now.

Photo: Wikimedia, CC0.
, formerly known as Çärjew, is the second-largest city in Turkmenistan and the administrative centre of Lebap Province. As of 2022, it had a population of approximately 231,000 people.

Destinations to Discover

Explore places such as Ahal Province and Mary Province.

Photo: Tormod Sandtorv, CC BY 2.0.
is the central region of Turkmenistan. Wikivoyage also covers the capital district as part of .

Photo: Hergit, CC BY-SA 3.0.
Mary Region is one of five provinces in Turkmenistan. It is located in the south-east of the country, bordering . Its capital is the city of .

Photo: Uspn, CC BY-SA 4.0.
is the western region of Turkmenistan, spanning the western and much of the Caspian Basin.

Photo: Wikimedia, CC BY-SA 3.0 igo.
Daşoguz Region is one of the regions of Turkmenistan. It is in the north of the country, bordering . The area of the province is 73,430 square kilometers, and the total population is 1,550,354.

Photo: Wikimedia, CC0.
is a very sparsely populated province of Turkmenistan along the Amu Darya River, forming the country's eastern boundary with Uzbekistan.
Photo: Gulzar Nurlyyeva, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Turkmenistan

  • Type: Country with 5,110,000 residents
  • Description: country in Central Asia
  • Also known as: “TKM”, “tm”, “Turcmanland”, “Turcmanlond”, “Turcmannlond”, “Turcmenistán”, “Turcomênia”, “Turcomenistao”, “Türkmén Köztársaság”, “Turkmenie”, “Turkménie”, “Turkmenien”, “Türkmenistán”, “Türkmenistan / Түркменистан”, “Turkmenistána”, “Turkmenistano”, “Túrkmenstan Respublikası”, “Turquemenistao”, “Τουρκμενία”, “Түрікменстан Республикасы”, “Түркменстан”, “Түркменстан Республикасы”, “თურქმენია”, “თურქმენისტანი”, “טורקמניה”, “תורכמניסטן”, “تركمانيا”, “तुर्केमिनिस्तान”, and “துருக்மெனியா”
  • Historically known as: “Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic” and “Turkmenskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika”
  • Languages: Turkmen, Russian, and Uzbek
  • Neighbors: , , , and
  • Categories: sovereign state, landlocked country, and locality
  • Location: ,
  • View on Open­Street­Map
Latitude of center
39.23° or 39° 13′ 48″ north
Longitude of center
59.414° or 59° 24′ 50″ east
Population
5,110,000
Area
488,100 km² (188,456 miles²)
Elevation
148 metres (486 feet)
Capital
Currency
Manat (TMT)
Phone code
.tm
Internet domain
993
Open­Street­Map ID
node 249399440
Open­Street­Map feature
place=­country
Geo­Names ID
1218197
Wiki­data ID
Q874
This page is based on OpenStreetMap, GeoNames, Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, and Wikivoyage.
We’d love your help improving our open data sources. Thank you for contributing.

Satellite Map

Discover Turkmenistan from above in high-definition satellite imagery.
© Stadia Maps, Airbus DS, CNES, PlanetObserver, and Copernicus

In Other Languages

From Abkhazian to Zulu—“Turkmenistan” goes by many names.
  • Abkhazian: “Туркменисҭан”
  • Abkhazian: “Ҭурқменисҭан”
  • Achinese: “Turkmènistan”
  • Adyghe: “Туркменистан”
  • Adyghe: “Тыркуменыстан”
  • Afrikaans: “Turkmenië”
  • Afrikaans: “Turkmenistan”
  • Akan: “Tɛkmɛnistan”
  • Albanian: “Turkmenia”
  • Albanian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Albanian: “Turkmenistani”
  • Amharic: “ቱርክመኒስታን”
  • Amharic: “ቱርክሜኒስታን”
  • Amis: “Turkmenistan”
  • Angika: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Arabic: “تركمانستان”
  • Aragonese: “Turkmenistán”
  • Armenian: “Թուրքմենիստան”
  • Armenian: “Թուրքմենստան”
  • Arpitan: “Turcmènistan”
  • Assamese: “তুৰ্কমেনিস্তান”
  • Asturian: “Turkmenistán”
  • Atayal: “Turkmenistan”
  • Avaric: “Туркменистан”
  • Awadhi: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Aymara: “Turkmin suyu”
  • Azerbaijani: “Türkmənistan”
  • Balinese: “Turkménistan”
  • Bambara: “Turikimenisitani”
  • Bashkir: “Төркмәнстан”
  • Bashkir: “Төрөкмәнстан”
  • Basque: “Turkmenistan”
  • Bavarian: “Tuakmenien”
  • Belarusian: “Туркменістан”
  • Belarusian: “Туркмэністан”
  • Bengali: “তুর্কমেনিয়া”
  • Bengali: “তুর্কমেনিস্তান”
  • Betawi: “Turekmènistan”
  • Betawi: “Turkmènistan”
  • Bhojpuri: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Bishnupriya: “তুর্কমেনিস্তান”
  • Bislama: “Tukmenistan”
  • Bosnian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Brahui: “Turkamanistán”
  • Breton: “Turkmenistan”
  • Buginese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Buginese: “ᨈᨘᨑᨀᨆᨙᨊᨗᨔᨈᨊ”
  • Bulgarian: “Туркменистан”
  • Burmese: “တာ့ခ်မင်နစ္စတန်”
  • Burmese: “တာ့ခ်မင်နစ္စတန်နိုင်ငံ”
  • Catalan: “El Turkmenistan”
  • Catalan: “Turkmenistan”
  • Cebuano: “Turkmenistan”
  • Central Bikol: “Turkmenistan”
  • Central Kurdish: “تورکمانستان”
  • Chavacano: “Turkmenistan”
  • Chechen: “Туркмени”
  • Chinese: “Tǔkùmànsītǎn”
  • Chinese: “土库曼斯坦 / 土庫曼”
  • Chinese: “土库曼斯坦”
  • Chinese: “土庫曼”
  • Chinese: “土庫曼斯坦”
  • Chuvash: “Туркменистан”
  • Cornish: “Pow Turkmen”
  • Corsican: “Turkmenistan”
  • Crimean Tatar: “Túrkmenístan”
  • Crimean Tatar: “Türkmenistan”
  • Croatian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Czech: “Turkmenistán”
  • Dagbani: “TM”
  • Dagbani: “Turkmenistan”
  • Danish: “Turkmenistan”
  • Dhivehi: “ތުރުކުމެނިސްތާން”
  • Dimli (individual language): “Tırkmenıstan”
  • Dotyali: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Dutch: “Turkmenistan”
  • Dzongkha: “ཊརཀ་མེན་ནིས་ཊཱན།”
  • Dzongkha: “ཊཱརཀ་མེནའི་སཏཱན”
  • Eastern Mari: “Туркменистан”
  • Egyptian Arabic: “توركمينيستان”
  • Erzya: “Туркмения”
  • Esperanto: “Turkmenio”
  • Esperanto: “Turkmenujo”
  • Estonian: “Türkmenistan”
  • Ewe: “Tɛkmenistan nutome”
  • Ewe: “Turkmenistan”
  • Extremaduran: “Turkmenistán”
  • Faroese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Fiji Hindi: “Turkmenistan”
  • Finnish: “Turkmenistan”
  • French: “Turkmenistan”
  • French: “Turkménistan”
  • Fulah: “Turkmenistaan”
  • Fulah: “Turkmenistan”
  • Gagauz: “Türkmenistan”
  • Galician: “Turcomenistán”
  • Galician: “Turkmenistán”
  • Ganda: “Takimenesitaani”
  • Georgian: “თურქმენეთი”
  • German: “Turkmenistan”
  • Ghanaian Pidgin English: “Turkmenistan”
  • Gilaki: “تۊرکمنستان”
  • Goan Konkani: “Turkmenistan”
  • Goan Konkani: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Greek: “Τουρκμενιστάν”
  • Guarani: “Tuykomenitã”
  • Guianese Creole French: “Tirkménistan”
  • Gujarati: “તુર્કમેનિસ્તાન”
  • Gujarati: “તુર્ક્મનિસ્તાન”
  • Haitian: “Tikmenistan”
  • Haitian: “Tirkmenistan”
  • Hakka Chinese: “Thú-khû-man-sṳ̂-thán”
  • Hakka Chinese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Hausa: “Turkmenistan”
  • Hausa: “Turkumenistan”
  • Hawaiian: “Tukemenikana”
  • Hebrew: “טורקמניסטאן”
  • Hebrew: “טורקמניסטן”
  • Hindi: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Hungarian: “Türkmenisztán”
  • Icelandic: “Túrkmenistan”
  • Ido: “Turkmenistan”
  • Igbo: “Turkmenistan”
  • Iloko: “Turkmenistan”
  • Inari Sami: “Turkmenistan”
  • Indonesian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Interlingua: “Turkmenistan”
  • Interlingue: “Turkmenistan”
  • Irish: “an Tuircméanastáin”
  • Irish: “An Tuircméanastáin”
  • Italian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Jamaican Creole English: “Toerkmenistan”
  • Japanese: “トルクメニスタン”
  • Javanese: “Turkménistan”
  • Kabardian: “Туркменстэн”
  • Kabardian: “Тыркуменистэн”
  • Kabiyè: “Turkimenistanɩ”
  • Kabyle: “Turkmanistan”
  • Kabyle: “Turkmenistan”
  • Kadazan Dusun: “Turkmenistan”
  • Kalaallisut: “Turkmenistani”
  • Kalmyk: “Йомудин Орн”
  • Kannada: “ತುರ್ಕಮೆನಿಸ್ತಾನ್”
  • Kannada: “ತುರ್ಕಮೆನಿಸ್ಥಾನ್”
  • Kara-Kalpak: “Túrkmenstan”
  • Karachay-Balkar: “Тюркменистан”
  • Kashmiri: “تُرٛکمانستان”
  • Kashmiri: “تُرٛکمانِستان”
  • Kashmiri: “تُرمِنِستان”
  • Kashubian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Kazakh: “Түрікменстан”
  • Khmer: “តួកមេនីស្ថាន”
  • Khmer: “តួកម៉េនីស្ថាន”
  • Khmer: “តួរមិនីស្ថាន”
  • Kikuyu: “Turkmenistan”
  • Kikuyu: “Turukimenistani”
  • Kinyarwanda: “Turukimenisitani”
  • Kirghiz: “Түркмөнстан”
  • Komering: “Turkmenistan”
  • Komi: “Туркменистан”
  • Kongo: “Turkmenistan”
  • Korean: “뚜르크메니스딴”
  • Korean: “투르크메니스탄”
  • Korean: “투르크멘”
  • Kurdish: “Tirkmenistan”
  • Kurdish: “تورکمانستان”
  • Ladin: “Turchmenistan”
  • Ladino: “Turkmenistan”
  • Lak: “Туркменисттан”
  • Lao: “ເຕີກເມນິສະຖານ”
  • Lao: “ເທີກເມນິສະຖານ”
  • Lao: “ປະເທດເຕີກເມນິສະຖານ”
  • Latin: “Turcmenia”
  • Latin: “Turcomannia”
  • Latvian: “Turkmenistāna”
  • Lezghian: “Туьркменистан”
  • Ligurian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Limburgan: “Turkmenistan”
  • Lingala: “Tikɛménisitá”
  • Lingala: “Turkmenistáni”
  • Lingua Franca Nova: “Turcmenistan”
  • Literary Chinese: “土庫曼斯坦”
  • Literary Chinese: “末祿”
  • Lithuanian: “Turkmėnija”
  • Lithuanian: “Turkmėnistanas”
  • Livvi: “Turkmenistuanu”
  • Lombard: “Turkmenistan”
  • Low German: “Turkmenistan”
  • Lower Sorbian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Lower Sorbian: “Turkmeńska”
  • Luba-Katanga: “Tukemenisita”
  • Luxembourgish: “Turkmenistan”
  • Macedo-Romanian: “Turcmenistan”
  • Macedonian: “Туркменистан”
  • Madurese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Magahi: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Maithili: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Malagasy: “Tiorkmenistàna”
  • Malagasy: “Torkmenistan”
  • Malagasy: “Torkmenistàna”
  • Malay: “Turkmenistan”
  • Malayalam: “തുർക്ക്മെനിസ്ഥാൻ”
  • Malayalam: “തുർക്‌മെനിസ്ഥാൻ”
  • Maltese: “it-Turkmenistan”
  • Maltese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Manipuri: “ꯇꯔꯛꯃꯦꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯟ”
  • Manx: “Yn Turkmenistaan”
  • Maori: “Tukumanatānga”
  • Maori: “Turkmenistan”
  • Marathi: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Mazanderani: “ترکمنون”
  • Mazanderani: “ترکمونستون”
  • Mazanderani: “تورکمونسون”
  • Min Dong Chinese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Min Nan Chinese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Minangkabau: “Turkmenistan”
  • Mingrelian: “თურქმენეთი”
  • Moksha: “Туркмэнистан”
  • Mongolian: “Туркменистан”
  • Moroccan Arabic: “تركمانستان”
  • Moroccan Arabic: “توركمانيستان”
  • Nauru: “Turkmenistan”
  • Navajo: “Naashchʼąąʼ Bidiyogíihnii Bikéyah”
  • Navajo: “Tʼóokmen Bikéyah”
  • Nepali: “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • Newari: “तर्कमेनिस्तान”
  • North Ndebele: “Turkmenistan”
  • Northern Frisian: “Turkmeenistaan”
  • Northern Luri: “ترکمنستان”
  • Northern Luri: “تورکأمأنئستان”
  • Northern Sami: “Turkmenistan”
  • Norwegian Bokmål: “Turkmenistan”
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: “Turkmenistan”
  • Norwegian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Novial: “Turkmenistan”
  • Occitan (post 1500): “Turcmenistan”
  • Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE): “ܛܘܪܩܡܢܣܛܐܢ”
  • Old English (ca. 450-1100): “Turcmannland”
  • Old English (ca. 450-1100): “Turcmenistan”
  • Oriya: “ତୁର୍କମେନିସ୍ତାନ”
  • Oriya: “ତୁର୍କମେନିସ୍ତାନ୍”
  • Oriya: “ତୁର୍କମେନିସ୍ଥାନ”
  • Oromo: “Tarkimeenistaan”
  • Ossetian: “Туркмени”
  • Ossetian: “Туркменистан”
  • Pali: “तुर्कमिनिस्थान”
  • Pampanga: “Turkmenistan”
  • Panjabi: “ਤੁਰਕਮੇਨਸਤਾਨ”
  • Panjabi: “ਤੁਰਕਮੇਨਿਸਤਾਨ”
  • Panjabi: “ਤੁਰਕਮੇਨੀਸਤਾਨ”
  • Papiamento: “Turkmenistan”
  • Persian: “ترکمنستان”
  • Picard: “Turkménistan”
  • Piemontese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Pitcairn-Norfolk: “Terkmenistaan”
  • Polish: “Turkmenia”
  • Polish: “Turkmenistan”
  • Pontic: “Τουρκμενιστάν”
  • Portuguese: “Turcomenistão”
  • Portuguese: “Turquemenistão”
  • Pushto: “ترکمنستان”
  • Pushto: “تورکمنستان”
  • Quechua: “Turkmenistán”
  • Quechua: “Turkminsuyu”
  • Romanian: “Turkmenia”
  • Romanian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Romansh: “Turkmenistan”
  • Rundi: “Turukumenisitani”
  • Russia Buriat: “Туркменистан”
  • Russian: “Туркменистан”
  • Russian: “Туркмения”
  • Rusyn: “Туркменістан”
  • Sakizaya: “Turkmenistan”
  • Samoan: “Turkmenistan”
  • Samogitian: “Torkmienėstans”
  • Sango: “Turkumenistäan”
  • Sanskrit: “तुर्कमिनिस्थान”
  • Sanskrit: “तुर्कमेनिस्थानम्”
  • Santali: “ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱢᱮᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ”
  • Saraiki: “ترکمانستان”
  • Sardinian: “Turkmenistàn”
  • Scots: “Turkmenistan”
  • Scottish Gaelic: “Turcmanastàn”
  • Serbian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Serbian: “Туркменистан”
  • Serbo-Croatian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Shan: “မိူင်းတၢၵ်ႈမႅၼ်ႇၼီႇသတၼ်ႇ”
  • Shona: “Turkmenistan”
  • Sicilian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Silesian: “Turkmyńistan”
  • Sindhi: “ترڪمانستان”
  • Sinhala: “ටර්ක්මෙනිස්තානය”
  • Sinhala: “ටර්ක්මෙනිස්ථානය”
  • Sinhala: “තුර්ක්මෙනිස්තානය”
  • Skolt Sami: “Turkmenistaan”
  • Slovak: “Turkménsko”
  • Slovenian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Somali: “Turkmenistan”
  • South Azerbaijani: “تورکمنیستان”
  • Spanish: “Turkmenistán”
  • Standard Moroccan Tamazight: “ⵜⵓⵔⴽⵎⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ”
  • Sundanese: “Turkménistan”
  • Swahili: “Turkmenistan”
  • Swati: “IThumekhi”
  • Swedish: “Turkmenistan”
  • Swiss German: “Turkmenistan”
  • Tagalog: “Turkmenistan”
  • Tajik: “Туркманистон”
  • Talysh: “Turkmənistan”
  • Talysh: “Turkməniston”
  • Tamil: “துருக்மெனித்தான்”
  • Tamil: “துருக்மெனிஸ்தான்”
  • Tamil: “துர்க்மெனிஸ்தான்”
  • Taroko: “Turkmenistan”
  • Tatar: “Төрекмәнстан”
  • Tatar: “Төркмәнстан”
  • Telugu: “టర్క్‌మెనిస్తాన్”
  • Telugu: “తుర్కమేనిస్తాన్”
  • Tetum: “Turkomenistaun”
  • Thai: “เติร์กเมนิสถาน”
  • Thai: “ประเทศเติร์กเมนิสถาน”
  • Tibetan: “ཏུརཀ་མེ་ནི་སྟན།”
  • Tibetan: “ཏུརཀ་མེ་ནི་སུཏན།”
  • Tigrinya: “ቱርክሜኒስታን”
  • Tonga (Tonga Islands): “Tūkimenisitani”
  • Tulu: “ತುರ್ಕ್‌ಮೆನಿಸ್ತಾನ್”
  • Tumbuka: “Turkmenistan”
  • Tunisian Arabic: “تركمانستان”
  • Turkish: “Türkmenistan”
  • Turkmen: “Türkmenistan”
  • Udmurt: “Туркмения”
  • Uighur: “تۈركمەنىستان”
  • Ukrainian: “Туркменистан”
  • Ukrainian: “Туркменістан”
  • Upper Sorbian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Urdu: “ترکمانستان”
  • Urdu: “ترکمنستان”
  • Uzbek: “Turkmaniston”
  • Venetian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Venetian: “Turkmènistan”
  • Veps: “Turkmenistan”
  • Vietnamese: “Tuốc-mê-ni-xtan (Turkmenistan)”
  • Vietnamese: “Tuốc-mê-ni-xtan”
  • Vietnamese: “Turkmenistan”
  • Vlaams: “Turkmenistan”
  • Vlax Romani: “Turkmenistan”
  • Volapük: “Turkmenän”
  • Võro: “Türkmenistan”
  • Waray (Philippines): “Turkmenistan”
  • Welsh: “Turkmenistan”
  • Welsh: “Tyrcmenistan”
  • Western Armenian: “Թուրքմենիստան”
  • Western Balochi: “ترکمنستان”
  • Western Frisian: “Turkmenistan”
  • Western Panjabi: “ترکمانستان”
  • Wolof: “Tirkmenistaŋ”
  • Wolof: “Turkumenistaan”
  • Wu Chinese: “土库曼斯坦”
  • Yakut: “Түркменистаан”
  • Yiddish: “טורקמעניסטאן”
  • Yiddish: “טורקמעניסטאַן”
  • Yoruba: “Tọọkimenisita”
  • Yoruba: “Turkmẹ́nìstán”
  • Yue Chinese: “土庫曼”
  • Zeeuws: “Toerkmenistan”
  • Zhuang: “Turkmenistan”
  • Zulu: “i-Turkmenistan”
  • “ma Sikimen”
  • “Torkmenistan”
  • “तुर्कमेनिस्तान”

Central Asia: Must-Visit Destinations

Delve into Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan.

Explore These Curated Destinations

Discover places selected for their distinct character and enduring appeal.